Increased risk of new-onset diabetes in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: There is growing evidence that patients with COVID-19 are at increased risk of new-onset diabetes. The limited preliminary studies do not provide strong evidence. To assess the association of the SARS-CoV-2 virus with new-onset diabetes and to characterize the population. Methods: Search PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science electronic databases for a limited period from December 2019 to July 2022. Two independent reviewers conducted a thorough review of eligible articles and extracted relevant information. Pooled proportions, risk ratios (RR), and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) indicated the incidence and risk ratios of events. Results: The incidence of new-onset diabetes and hyperglycemia in patients with COVID-19 was 5% (P < 0.001) (3 and 30% for new-onset diabetes and hyperglycemia, respectively), with age, ethnicity, time of diagnosis, and study type all having an impact on the incidence (P < 0.05). New-onset diabetes and hyperglycemia were 1.75 times higher in COVID-19 patients than in non-COVID-19 patients. In new-onset diabetes and hyperglycemia population, the percentage of men is 60% (40% for women), with a mortality rate of 17%. The proportion of new-onset diabetes and hyperglycemia after infection with COVID-19 was 25% in men and 14% in women. Conclusions: The incidence and relative risk of new-onset diabetes and hyperglycemia are elevated after COVID-19 infection, especially in the early COVID-19 and male populations. Systemic review registration: PROSPERO registration no.: CRD42022382989 https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=382989.

Common Sharing or Public Sharing: A Study on the Choice Behavior of Urban Citizens in Public Travel

Public travel is an important support for urban citizens’ production and life. As a collective choice behavior, there are different action logics behind the common sharing travel and public sharing travel in China. It is beneficial to provide public travel services to citizens and improve the performance of urban governance by sorting out the different public travel types and their inner choice logics. A fuzzy set of qualitative, comparative analyses reveals that citizens’ choice of common sharing travel or public sharing travel consists of two paths, in which user size, rule attainment, convenience, and travel distance are important triggers. The government and enterprises should improve the combined supply of each factor to enhance citizens’ public travel experience, guide citizens’ public travel choice behavior, and help the development of a common sharing travel industry so as to promote the construction of green transportation, public transport cities, and smart cities.

Efficacy and Safety of Chinese Medicine Lianhua Qingwen for Treating COVID-19: An Updated meta-Analysis.

The traditional Chinese medicine formula Lianhua Qingwen (LQ) combined with western medicine therapy is beneficial to coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), but there is still a lack of strong evidence-based. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of LQ combined with western medicine for patients with COVID-19. Seven databases (Chinese and English) were searched by two independent reviewers. Search for relevant keywords such as "Chinese medicine," "Chinese herbal medicine," and "Lianhua Qingwen" in the titles and abstracts of articles retrieved in the databases. Randomized controlled trials or case-control studies that reported sufficient data of participants before and after the intervention were included. Two researchers independently reviewed the studies and extracted the data. Fixed-or random-effect model was used to calculate the overall pooled risk estimates. Forest plots were generated to show pooled results. Seven studies involving 916 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, compared with the control group, the total efficacy (OR = 2.23, 95% CI 1.56, 3.18), adverse events (OR = 0.42, 95% CI 0.18, 0.97), chest computed tomography manifestations (OR = 1.74, 95% CI 1.12, 2.72), and aggravation rate of conversion to severe cases (OR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.30, 0.75) of the intervention group were better. Moreover, the intervention group has an advantage over the control group in improving clinical symptoms (fever, cough, fatigue, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and expectoration) and shortening the fever duration (p < 0.05). Our findings indicate that LQ combined with western medicine may be more effective in treating COVID-19. However, due to the urgency of SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks leading to low methodological quality and not rigorous designs. This meta-analysis cannot draw clear conclusions. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020190757.

Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 gene polymorphisms are associated with COVID-19 susceptibility and severity: A meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Recent evidence has linked the interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 gene (IFITM3) to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes, but the results are inconsistent. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the association of IFITM3 gene polymorphisms with COVID-19 susceptibility and severity. METHOD: A systematic search was performed with PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase from the date of inception to 20 December 2021. The results were analyzed with pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). The robustness was performed using the method of sequential removal for each trial. RESULTS: Four studies involving 1989 subjects were included, from which 1114 patients were positive for COVID-19. For IFITM3 rs12252, the pooled OR showed that there was a significant association between the genotype frequencies and infection with COVID-19 in any of the gene models, i.e., the allelic model (OR = 1.91, 95% CI, 1.36-2.68), the dominant model (OR = 1.80, 95% CI, 1.27-2.56), the recessive model (OR = 5.67, 95% CI, 1.01-31.77), the heterozygous model (OR = 1.65, 95% CI, 1.16-2.36) and the homozygous model (OR = 5.88, 95% CI, 1.05-32.98). The results stratified by severity showed that there was a significant correlation only between the allelic (OR = 0.69, 95% CI, 0.49-0.97) and recessive (OR = 0.43, 95% CI, 0.20-0.93) models. Our results did not support the associations between the IFITM3 rs34481144 gene polymorphism and COVID-19 susceptibility or severity in any of the gene models. CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicated that IFITM3 rs12252 gene polymorphisms were associated with COVID-19 susceptibility and that the rs12252-C variant was particularly critical for severity. Genetic factors should be considered in future vaccine development.